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Consumer products like pesticides, fast food packaging, shampoo bottles, non-stick cookware, and textiles are top sources of PFAS waste in landfills. Once there, PFAS can leach into the environment and linger for decades—creating serious environmental and health risks.
Several technologies are used to manage PFAS-containing waste, but most focus on separation and containment rather than permanent removal. These approaches can shift the burden downstream, increasing long-term liability and attracting regulatory scrutiny.
Landfills must now develop site-specific risk assessments and acceptance policies for PFAS waste. This increases operational complexity and drives up costs throughout waste management.
Subtitle D Lacks the Resources to Manage PFAS
PFAS is not yet federally classified as hazardous, so it is often disposed of in Subtitle D landfills, which are intended for non-hazardous materials. These facilities are not optimized for long-term containment of persistent chemicals like PFAS.
Subtitle C landfills, which are designed for hazardous waste, are already facing capacity constraints. As demand for PFAS disposal rises, these sites experience:
PFAS can leach for decades, meaning risks don’t end when a landfill closes. Even well-managed facilities may face long-term environmental and financial exposure.
The DoD has updated its 2023 Interim Guidance on PFAS Destruction, formally recognizing hydrothermal alkaline treatment (HALT) as an emerging technology under review. This update marks a critical step toward shifting away from conventional disposal methods like incineration and landfilling, positioning destruction technologies as key solutions for PFAS waste management.
Aquagga’s HALT technology combines temperature, pressure, and an alkaline amendment to effectively break the strong carbon-fluorine bonds that hold PFAS together, achieving complete mineralization and destruction.
Aquagga’s technology interfaces with PFAS separation and concentration providers to process larger volumes of contaminated waste into a more concentrated liquid.
The HALT system then intakes this PFAS-rich feedstock for complete destruction, resulting in clean water without any unwanted byproducts.
Across the industry, onsite PFAS destruction technologies are gaining attention for good reason. PFAS destruction solutions, like HALT, can:
For landfill operators and waste managers, onsite destruction offers a path to meet emerging requirements while maintaining control over cost, compliance, and capacity.